1. Cement Test
1.1 Fineness Test Procedure for Cement
Aim: The purpose is to examine the fineness of cement thru dry sieving in accordance with IS: 4031 (Part 1) – 1996.
Principle: Cement’s fineness is evaluated via passing it via a cutting-edge sieve, permitting the electricity of will of the proportion of cement grains exceeding the specified mesh period.
Apparatus:
- 90µm IS Sieve
- Balance capable of weighing 10g with an accuracy of 10mg
- Nylon or natural bristle brush (25 to 40mm bristle) for sieve cleaning
Procedure Fineness Test:
- Weigh about 10g of cement exactly to 0.01g and area it on the sieve.
- Agitate the sieve employing swirling, planetary, and linear actions till no in addition fine material passes via.
- Weigh the residue and express its mass as percent R1 of the preliminary quantity on the sieve, rounded to the closest zero.1 percentage.
- Gently brush off all nice cloth from the sieve base.
- Repeat the whole technique with a clean 10g sample to gain R2. Calculate R as the imply of R1 and R2, rounded to the closest zero.1 percentage. If outcomes range by means of more than 1 percentage absolute, behavior a 3rd sieving and calculate the suggest of the 3 values.
Reporting of Results: Report the price of R, rounded to the closest 0.1 percentage, because the residue on the 90µm sieve.
1.2 CONSISTENCY
AIM : To determine the amount of water required to supply a cement paste of preferred consistency as constant with IS: 4031 (Part four) – 1988.
PRINCIPLE: The wellknown consistency of a cement paste is described as that consistency with the intention to permit the Vicat plunger to penetrate to a point five to 7mm from the lowest of the Vicat mould.
APPARATUS
i) Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 – 1976
ii) Balance, whose permissible variant at a load of 1000g must be 1.0g
iii) Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 – 1982
PROCEDURE OF CEMENT CONSISTENCY
i) Weigh about 400g of cement and blend it with a weighed quantity of water. The time of gauging have to be between three to 5 minutes.
Ii) Fill the Vicat mildew with paste and degree it with a trowel.
Iii) Lower the plunger gently until it touches the cement surface.
Iv) Release the plunger permitting it to sink into the paste.
V) Note the analyzing at the gauge.
Vi) Repeat the above process taking clean samples of cement and distinct portions of water until the analyzing at the gauge is 5 to 7mm.
REPORTING OF RESULTS
Express the amount of water as a percentage of the weight of dry cement to the first place of decimal
1.3 INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME
AIM: To determine the preliminary and the very last putting time of cement as in keeping with IS: 4031 (Part five) – 1988.
APPARATUS
- Vicat equipment conforming to IS: 5513 – 1976
- Balance, whose permissible version at a load of 1000g must be 1.0g
- Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 – 1982
PROCEDURE
- Prepare a cement paste through gauging the cement with zero.85 instances the water required to present a paste of fashionable consistency (see Para 1.2).
- Start a prevent-watch, the instant water is introduced to the cement.
- Fill the Vicat mold absolutely with the cement paste gauged as above, the mold resting on a non-porous plate and easy off the surface of the paste making it level with the pinnacle of the mould. The cement block thus organized in the mildew is the test block.
A) INITIAL SETTING TIME: Place the take a look at block below the rod bearing the needle. Lower the needle lightly in order to make touch with the surface of the cement paste and launch fast, allowing it to penetrate the check block. Repeat the technique until the needle fails to pierce the test block to a degree 5.Zero ± 0.5mm measured from the bottom of the mould. The term elapsing between the time, water is delivered to the cement and the time, the needle fails to pierce the test block by 5.0 ± zero.5mm measured from the bottom of the mould, is the initial placing time.
B) FINAL SETTING TIME : Replace the above needle by the only with an annular attachment. The cement must be taken into consideration as subsequently set while, upon applying the needle gently to the floor of the check block, the needle makes an influence therein, at the same time as the attachment fails to achieve this. The period elapsing between the time, water is introduced to the cement and the time, the needle makes an impression at the floor of the take a look at block, whilst the attachment fails to do so, is the very last putting time.
REPORTING OF RESULTS: The consequences of the initial and the very last putting time should be mentioned to the closest 5 mins.
1.4 SOUNDNESS
AIM: To determine the soundness of cement through Le-Chatelier technique as in keeping with IS: 4031 (Part 3) – 1988.
APPARATUS:
I) The equipment for engaging in the Le-Chatelier check shouldconform to IS: 5514 – 1969
ii) Balance, whose pemissible version at a load of 1000gshould be 1.0g iii) Water bath
PROCEDURE
- Place the mildew on a pitcher sheet and fill it with the cement paste formed by gauging cement with 0.Seventy eight times the water required to offer a paste of widespread consistency (see Para 1.2).
- Cover the mould with every other piece of glass sheet, area a small weight in this covering glass sheet and right now submerge the complete assembly in water at a temperature of 27 ± 2oC and hold it there for 24hrs.
- Measure the distance separating the indicator points to thenearest 0.5mm (say d1). Submerge the mould again in water at the temperature prescribed above. Bring the water to boiling point in 25 to 30 minutes and keep it boiling for 3hrs.
- Remove the mould from the water, allow it to cool and measure the distance between the indicator points (say d2 ).
- (d2– d1) represents the expansion of cement.
REPORTING OF RESULTS
Calculate the mean of the two values to the nearest 0.5mm to represent the expansion of cement.
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